Which of the following was a direct consequence of the Industrial Revolution, according to the passage?

The Industrial Revolution, beginning in the late 18th century, profoundly altered societal structures and economies. Driven by technological innovations like the steam engine and new manufacturing processes, it shifted production from artisanal workshops to large factories. This transformation led to urbanization, the rise of a new working class, and unprecedented economic growth, albeit often accompanied by harsh labor conditions.

Which of the following was a direct consequence of the Industrial Revolution, according to the passage?

1. A.A decrease in international trade.
2. B.The decline of urban centers.
3. C.The rise of urbanization.
4. D.A resurgence of artisanal crafts.